Hey Mamas! This week I’ve put together a post outlining the basics of how to prepare for labor induction through my eyes as an L&D nurse.
It’s for the mamas who KNOW they’re getting induced (for one reason or another) but also for the mamas who AREN’T expecting a labor induction AT ALL…because many times inductions are unplanned!
We’re gonna talk all about what labor induction is, Pitocin side effects, different induction methods (like Cervadil and foley bulbs), how to prepare for labor inductions, and a whole lot more.
Consider this your complete guide to labor inductions! Are you ready? Let’s go!
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What is a labor induction?
An INDUCTION OF LABOR is exactly what it sounds like…you aren’t in labor…we put you into labor (or we ATTEMPT to put you into labor).
Reasons for labor induction
- Overdue (most practices consider this to be past 41 weeks, but many nowadays wait even longer, up until 41 & 6 days)
- Pre-eclampsia
- Have gestational diabetes
- Your baby has IUGR (intrauterine growth restriction)
- You’ve broken your water early in your pregnancy, and you’ve been hospitalized for it
- You have a history of stillbirth
- You have cholestasis
- You’ve got another medical condition that puts you or baby at risk to continue pregnancy safely
Augmentation of labor
NOW, inductions differ from augmentation of labor. Augmentation of labor is done when you’re already in labor.
Here’s an example of labor augmentation:
- Let’s say you’re contracting, you get an epidural, and your contractions space out after you get comfortable with your epidural
- It’s been a few hours, and it seems that your contractions aren’t getting much closer, and your cervix hasn’t changed either
- Your provider may suggest to start some PITOCIN, or BREAK YOUR WATER. This isn’t a labor induction, this is an augmentation
Augmentations are similar to inductions, in that the methods are similar, but we’re more just helping your labor instead of starting it.
Related: Epidural Facts You May Not Know
How to prepare for labor induction: learn about different methods
Labor inductions can be done MANY different ways, in fact, I’ve already referenced two above! PITOCIN and BREAKING YOUR WATER. I’ll go over all the methods that we use at our hospital (and a few others that I’m aware of).
1. Pitocin
Pitocin is a medication that’s given through your IV to get your labor started. This is by far the most common labor induction method!
It’s the man-made form of the same hormone your body naturally produces when you’re in labor…oxytocin. By giving you Pitocin synthetically, we are attempting to tell your body that you’re in labor!
Every hospital is different (and every nurse is different), but generally Pitocin is started at a very low dose (usually only 2ml/hr, which is less than half a teaspoon) and titrated up to a certain threshold. This threshold is different for every woman.
At our hospital, we may max our patients out at 40ml/hr of Pitocin, and we are only allowed to increase the dosage by 2ml every 15 minutes. I’ve heard of many hospitals that only allow their nurses to max out their patients at 20ml/hr, however.
What a Pitocin induction may look like
If you started your labor induction at 8 am in the morning, and your nurse was ON IT, increasing your Pitocin EVERY fifteen minutes, you’d be at 40ml/hr at around 12:45 pm
Now, not every woman needs 40ml of Pitocin to be in labor.
In fact, MOST women need much less to have an adequate labor pattern. It all depends on the woman, her gestation, her uterus, how irritable her uterus is, HOW BABY IS REACTING….and so on and so forth. There are a lot of factors that come into play when determining your Pitocin threshold.
How we administer Pitocin at my hospital
Our hospital policy allows us to increase Pitocin every 15 minutes until contractions are in an ADEQUATE labor pattern. This usually means, they are 2-3 minutes apart, painful, and CHANGING YOUR CERVIX.
That’s a big one. You can be having crazy, long, painful contractions coming every 2-3 minutes, but if your cervix isn’t changing…I’m going to keep increasing your Pitocin.
Things I’m looking out for during a Pitocin labor induction
- First off, I don’t want your contractions to be TOO close together. Your uterus needs to adequately relax in between your contractions before you have another. This cannot only stress out baby but it also increases your risk for something really scary called a uterine rupture. Yuck, you don’t want that. So just know, if I see your contractions are a little bit TOO close for TOO long…I’m going to back down your Pitocin.
- Second, Pitocin can be stressful to baby (any labor, in general, can be stressful for baby), and if I ever see baby start to get stressed out (as evidenced by his/her heart rate), I’m going to back down your Pitocin…or shut it off completely. Ain’t NOBODY got time for a stressed-out baby…um no!
2. Breaking your water
Alright! This is the second most common way to attempt labor induction. Also, I must add…during your labor induction you may have SEVERAL different methods used. Totally common and okay!
Breaking your water is a form of induction, and I’ve heard of many hospitals using this method FIRST, as a means to get labor started.
We don’t typically do that. Usually, breaking your water is something that we use in conjunction with Pitocin. It’s usually done later, after you’ve been contracting for some time, and baby’s head is low, and well-applied onto your cervix.
This is when it WORKS THE BEST.
How does breaking your water help move labor along?
- It helps to bring baby down into your pelvis, creating more pressure onto your cervix. This increased pressure helps your cervix to change!
- Releases PROSTAGLANDINS around your cervix (magical labor-inducing hormones), this stimulates cervical change!
Related: Will I Poop During Labor?
Related: What to Expect the Day of Labor
3. Foley bulb
So, a Foley bulb is a little catheter that’s manually inserted inside your cervix to attempt to somewhat DILATE it manually. It also provokes your body to release some prostaglandins (labor hormones!) around your cervix.
They work really great if they are used properly and in the right circumstances.
Now, USUALLY, Foley bulbs aren’t meant to do the job on their own. I have seen some women get a Foley bulb placed, and they start contracting and have a baby WITHOUT Pitocin.
But, 90% of the time you’ll get a Foley bulb placed, in addition to getting Pitocin started (typically a little later in the game).
What is a foley bulb?
- A Foley bulb is a long (about 12-14 inch) flexible catheter about the thickness of a McDonald’s straw (you know how they are a little thicker than normal straws)
- It’s nice and bendy, and it’s usually made of latex, or similar material (if you have an allergy to latex)
- It’s got an opening on one end that I hook a syringe up to, and the other end is a BALLOON-TYPE mechanism that can be filled with fluid (this is the part that goes in your cervix)
How is a foley bulb placed?
First off, NO NEEDLES go inside you. I use a needle to draw up the fluid that is used INSIDE the end of the Foley bulb, and sometimes women get a little nervous at seeing the needle in action. No worries, it’s not going anywhere near you. ?
- Your provider will have you lay on your back with feet in sirrups (just like during a pap smear or vaginal exam)
- They’ll use their hands or a speculum to place the Foley bulb in your vagina
- Then it is moved through your cervix. This can be a bit uncomfortable (you might feel lots of cramping, and may have some contractions after the procedure)
- Once your provider has the balloon part of the Foley bulb through your cervix, I start to fill the bulb with water until your provider tells me to stop
- Once it’s filled up, it stays in your cervix for anywhere from 30 minutes to 12 hours. I know, that’s a REALLY long range, but it all depends on HOW dilated you were to begin with, and if you have any contractions while the Foley bulb is in.
- Typically, if you are having your first baby, and your cervix is completely closed, or only 1 centimeter, your Foley bulb will stay in overnight…PREPPING your cervix for labor (Pitocin) the next day.
But remember, sometimes we use Foley bulbs and Pitocin at the same time though, it all depends on your circumstance!
Foley bulbs are very common where I work
We do Foley bulbs A LOT at our hospital, but I’ve also heard of certain hospitals not using them AT ALL. It just depends on your provider and his/her preference. Many providers use medications that are inserted in your cervix (which I’ll get to in a moment), instead of placing a Foley bulb.
4. Cervadil and other meds
There are a couple of different medications out there that can be used (usually at the beginning) of a labor induction. Most of them are inserted intravaginally and work to PREP your cervix.
These medications all help your cervix relax so that it can open more easily. This is in contrast with something like Pitocin which has the goal of starting rip-roaring labor contractions. (for some mamas these do this, too, though!)
Theses are a synthetic version of those magical labor-inducing hormones: prostaglandins!
The most common intravaginal medications are:
- Cervadil: this is a prostaglandin that’s inserted vaginally. It helps relax the cervix prior to the induction of labor
- Cytotec: another prostaglandin that’s inserted vaginally to help get the cervix dilating and get labor going
- Laminaria: this is actually derived from seaweed (who knew!?) and contain thyroid hormones. It is used in labor to help ripen and open the cervix
Related: How to Induce Labor Naturally
How to prepare for labor induction
ALRIGHT, so now that we’ve gone over WHAT a labor induction is, WHY you’d get induced, and WHICH method your provider might use, let’s go over HOW it all goes from my perspective!
You’ve got your labor induction date scheduled, and you get a phone call from the hospital! WE ARE READY TO MEET YOUR BABY!
If you’re a first-time mom, you’ll probably come to the hospital at night to get your cervix “prepped” for labor overnight with a foley bulb or intravaginal med (like Cervadil).
If you’ve had a baby before, you’ll probably come in the morning.
Related: Hospital Bag Checklist
1. Arriving at the hospital for your labor induction
Once you arrive at the hospital, you’ll go through registration and be brought up to labor and delivery. Your nurse will meet you in your room, and ask you a few preliminary questions…
- Have you been having any contractions?
- Have you been leaking any fluid?
- Has baby been moving around well?
- Have you been bleeding at all?
Once you answer these questions, and we determine there’s no immediate health threat to you or baby, your nurse will ask you to undress completely, provide a urine specimen and change into a gown.
Related: Trying To Go Natural? A Few Tips From An L&D Nurse
3. Setting up and monitoring baby
Once you’ve changed, your nurse will put you on the monitor for a little while to monitor baby. She will hook up a contraction monitor (a TOCO), and a monitor that’s used to hear baby’s heart rate. They are both small EXTERNAL monitors, that go on your belly.
Once we put these on, UNFORTUNATELY, we can’t take them off again until your baby is on the outside.
If you have to use the bathroom really fast, it’s okay to take them off briefly, but INTERMITTENT monitoring is not allowed once we start PITOCIN (or according to your hospital’s policy).
NOW, if you’re coming in for a night labor induction to PREP your cervix for labor, we typically DO NOT have to leave your monitors on all night (unless something funky is up with baby). I would start continuous monitoring in the AM with your Pitocin…just a little tid-bit to add.
Why do we need to monitor baby nonstop during labor induction?
- We need to see your contraction pattern to titrate your Pitocin
- More importantly, we need to see your baby’s heart rate for safeguard…in case we need to jump ship. AKA, in case we need to turn down the Pitocin, turn OFF the Pitocin, or head the operating room…
Don’t be too bummed out about continuous monitoring though, because MANY hospitals nowadays still allow you to move around your room, get in the shower, and walk around the unit. Many hospitals have wireless monitors that can be applied, instead of having to lay in the bed for the whole thing!
4. Medical history and placing the IV (if you’re starting Pitocin right away)
While your nurse is monitoring your baby, she will be going over a series of questions for our database. Just general stuff…prenatal care, what you want to do for pain, your medical history etc.
She will then start an IV on you, draw some preliminary labs, and start some IV fluids. Or, sometimes if you are coming in for a PM induction, she will not hook you up to any IV fluids yet.
5. Checking in with your provider, cervix and baby’s position
Your doctor will come to see you next and talk to you a little more about your labor induction. He/she will talk about the methods that will be used, the risks vs. benefits, and scan your abdomen to see where baby is lying.
We want baby to be HEAD DOWN…we don’t like inducing BOOTY-FIRST, or SHOULDER-FIRST babies, and your provider will just make sure baby is still lying this way!
Next, your provider will check your cervix, and determine which method of induction is appropriate for you.
If you’re a first-time mom, and you’ve come in at night to PREP your cervix, but your provider checks you and you’re already 3 or 4 centimeters dilated…you probably will skip forward to get some Pitocin, instead of having your cervix prepped in any sort of way (it’s already prepped itself if it’s 3-4 cm dilated!).
6. Inserting foley bulb or medication (if this is the plan)
If you need a Foley bulb, or any other “prepping” medication to get things started, this is where your provider would do that part…
Once that’s done, your nurse will keep you on the monitor for a little while to make sure baby tolerated that Foley bulb insertion, and if everything is okay after about 20 minutes, you’ll get to remove the monitors and go to sleep (or rest…it’s hard to sleep in the hospital the night before you have a baby).
7. Starting Pitocin (more details below)
Alternatively, if you’ve come in for an AM induction, after your provider checks your cervix, your nurse will get your Pitocin started!
If you’re a PM labor induction, Pitocin would most likely get started in the morning…or sometimes in the middle of the night if your Foley bulb comes out early.
Starting the Pitocin
Now, Pitocin isn’t like a WHAM BAM THANK YOU MA’AM sort of drug. I’ve already referenced earlier, Pitocin needs to be titrated to a certain level to get you into adequate labor!
This can be a WIDE range of time…
What is Pitocin like?
- MOST women do not start feeling contractions AS SOON AS Pitocin is started
- Usually after about an hour, you may start to feel some cramping, followed by mild contractions
- Then you’ll feel stronger contractions that start to get closer and closer together.
Like I said, usually it takes at least an hour or so to feel ANYTHING, but I’ve had ladies feel contractions in 15 minutes, and others it takes 3 hours. It all depends on your body!
When will they stop increasing Pitocin?
Once you’ve reached an adequate labor pattern (remember, PAINFUL CONTRACTIONS, 2-3 MINS TOGETHER, AND CERVICAL CHANGE), your nurse will STOP turning up your Pitocin.
Then, your body will do its thing, change your cervix, and eventually you’ll deliver!
How long will a Pitocin induction last?
Don’t be surprised if this is a LONG time from when we first started your Pitocin. If you are a first-time mom, my PM labor inductions typically don’t deliver until the FOLLOWING night…on the night shift. It takes a LONG time (usually) for your body to get the idea that it’s time to have a baby.
But don’t stress, this is NORMAL…babies can take a long time to make appearances when they are induced!
How else can I prepare for labor induction?
That’s pretty much a labor induction in a nut-shell! But really, there’s a lot more you can learn to erase the unknown and get yourself feeling super confident!
Learn more about out 90 minute video-course MLN Mini: Induction 101 to help get you there ($29)
